دراسة: غذاء “صحي” يمكن أن يضاعف خطر الإصابة بالسرطان عند تناوله بانتظام!
مع استمرار عبء السرطان في إغراق الخدمات الصحية في جميع أنحاء العالم، يكثف الباحثون جهودهم لتحسين التدابير الوقائية.
وفي حين يُرحب ببعض الأطعمة لتأثيرها الوقائي، فإن الأطعمة الأخرى التي تبدو صحية قد تحفز المرض.
وتظهر الأدلة أن ما نأكله يمكن أن يغير بشكل كبير من مخاطرنا وتطور المرض. وفي بعض الأوراق البحثية السابقة، وجد أن تناول الطعام على نطاق واسع في جميع أنحاء العالم يضاعف من خطر الإصابة بسرطان البروستات.
ويعتبر السلمون كمصدر غذائي مفيد للغاية للصحة لأنه من أحماض أوميغا 3 الدهنية الممتازة.
ومع ذلك، في حين يتم صيد سمكة واحدة في المياه المفتوحة، يتم تربية الأخرى في أماكن ضيقة، ما قد يكون له آثار على الصحة.
ووجدت دراسة كبيرة نُشرت في عام 2004 أن مركبات ثنائي الفينيل متعدد الكلور الموجودة في السلمون الذي يتم تربيته في المزارع، كانت أعلى بنحو ثمانية أضعاف من التركيزات في السلمون البري، وفقا لنشر “هارفارد هيلث”.
ويأتي ثنائي الفينيل متعدد الكلور (PCB) عبارة عن مواد كيميائية صناعية مكلورة من صنع الإنسان.
وحظرت مركبات ثنائي الفينيل متعدد الكلور للاستخدام التجاري منذ عقود، ولكن لا يزال من الممكن العثور على آثار في البيئة، والتعرض اليوم يحدث بشكل رئيسي من خلال النظام الغذائي.
ويشرح صندوق الدفاع البيئي المواد الكيميائية التي أطلقت سابقا في البيئة من مواقع النفايات الخطرة.
وحذر العلماء في البداية من أن تناول السلمون المستزرع بانتظام قد يزيد من خطر الإصابة بالسرطان بعد اكتشاف حالات متعددة من التلوث.
وكان سمك السلمون الذي يتم تربيته في مزارع الأسماك البريطانية ملوثا بشكل خاص بالمواد الكيميائية المسببة للسرطان.
وتشير النتائج، التي نُشرت في مجلة Science، إلى أن سمك السلمون المستزرع الرخيص الذي يُباع في السوبر ماركت قد يضر الجسم أكثر من نفعه.
وقال الباحثون: “تحليل المخاطر يشير إلى أن استهلاك سمك السلمون الأطلسي المستزرع قد يشكل مخاطر صحية تنتقص من الآثار المفيدة لاستهلاك الأسماك”.
وحذروا من أن تناول سمك السلمون المستزرع أكثر من مرة في الشهر قد يكون كافيا لزيادة مخاطر الإصابة بالمرض.
وفي ورقة منفصلة نُشرت في مجلة Environmental Research، أوضح الباحثون: “إن التأثير البيولوجي والسام لثنائي الفينيل متعدد الكلور ومستقلباته يرجع جزئيا إلى قدرتها على التفاعل مع العديد من المستقبلات الخلوية والنووية، وبالتالي تغيير مسارات الإشارات ونسخ الجينات”.
ولتحديد كيفية ارتباط هذه العملية بمخاطر الإصابة بالسرطان، أجرى الفريق دراسة تجريبية في المستشفى، وحالة تحكم تجريبية لـ 58 حالة من حالات سرطان البروستات و99 حالة تحكم.
وأضافت الدراسة: “في التحليلات متعددة المتغيرات، كانت احتمالات الإصابة بسرطان البروستات بين الرجال الذين لديهم أعلى تركيزات من ثنائي الفينيل متعدد الكلور معتدلة الكلور أكثر من ضعف تلك بين الرجال الأقل تركيزا. وتشير هذه النتائج إلى أن العبء الأكبر من مركبات ثنائي الفينيل متعدد الكلور قد يكون مرتبطا بشكل إيجابي بزيادة خطر الإصابة بسرطان البروستات”.
وهناك عدة آليات تدخل في تعديل مخاطر الإصابة بالسرطان، ويتأثر كل مرض بشكل مختلف.
وتشير الأبحاث الإضافية إلى أن التعرض لبعض مركبات ثنائي الفينيل متعدد الكلور قد يزيد أيضا من خطر الإصابة بسرطان الثدي.
ومع ذلك، وفقا لإدارة الصحة العامة في إلينوي: “لا يوجد دليل على أن مركبات ثنائي الفينيل متعدد الكلور تسبب السرطان عند المستويات المنخفضة الموجودة عادة في البيئة. والدراسات التي أجريت على العمال البشريين الذين تعرضوا لمستويات عالية من ثنائي الفينيل متعدد الكلور، لم تظهر باستمرار أن ثنائي الفينيل متعدد الكلور يسبب السرطان”، كما تقول هيئة الرقابة الصحية.
المصدر: إكسبريس
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